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Conondale National Park
Conondale National Park is 130 km north of Brisbane in the Sunshine Coast Hinterland near the town of Conondale in the south east Queensland bioregion.〔NPRSR, R., 2013. (Conondale National Park Management Statement 2013 ). Retrieved 26 April 2014.〕 The park covers an area of 35,648 hectares protecting large areas of subtropical rainforest, woodlands, wet and dry sclerophyll forest including Queensland’s tallest tree.〔〔ESRI Australia, 2013. Queensland’s tallest tree – and that’s no LiDAR! Esri Aust.〕 The park contains areas of regenerating forest which have been previously logged; areas of forest plantations also border the park. The park is currently managed by the Department of National Parks, Recreation, Sports and Racing (NPRSR) under the Nature Conservation Act 1992.〔
Since the 1860s the Conondale region has been impacted by land clearing for agriculture, mining and logging,〔Moran, C.L., Catterall, C., Green, R.J., Olsen, M.F., 2004. Fates of feathered fruit-eaters in fragmented forests 699–712.〕 today the park is a refuge for many species now rare and threatened.〔 Threatened species such as the plumed frogmouth, giant barred frog, Conondale crayfish, spotted-tailed quoll, Gympie nut and richmond birdwing butterfly have been recorded in the park and are currently targeted for conservation management to mitigate threats to their survival.〔 Species of interest include the southern gastric brooding frog which mysteriously disappeared in 1981 and is presumed extinct.〔Hero, J.-M., Morrison, C., 2004. Frog declines in Australia: global implications. Herpetol. J. 14, 175–186.〕
== Regional description ==
The landscape has a rugged topography with gorges, valleys and a number of mountains above 700 m with the highest peak being Mount Langley at 868m. Throughout the park there are scenic waterfalls such as Booloumba Creek Falls, cascades and numerous boulder strewn creeks.〔NPRSR, n.d. Conondale Range Great Walk - Nature, culture and history (Document ). URL http://www.nprsr.qld.gov.au/parks/great-walks-conondale-range/culture.html (accessed 4.26.14).〕 The Conondale range forms a catchment divide between the Brisbane River and Mary River with the southernmost tributaries of the Mary river forming in Booloumba and Yabba creek.〔Hughes, J.M., Bunn, S.E., Cleary, C., Hurwood, D.A., 2000. A hierarchical analysis of the genetic structure of an aquatic insect Bungona (Baetidae: Ephemeroptera). Heredity 85, 561–570. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00782.x〕 The park also contains wetlands of national significance.〔EHP, jurisdiction=Queensland; sector=government; corporateName=Department of E. and H., n.d. Conondale Range Aggregation DIWA nationally important wetland — facts and maps (Document ). URL http://wetlandinfo.ehp.qld.gov.au/wetlands/facts-maps/diwa-wetland-conondale-range-aggregation/ (accessed 4.28.14a).〕 These tributaries are important for the threatened Mary river cod which has declined in these creeks.〔Environment, D. of the, 2013a. The Mary River Cod Research and Recovery Plan (Document ). URL http://www.environment.gov.au/node/15729 (accessed 4.27.14).〕
The region has a sub-tropical climate with a mean annual rainfall of 1,500 mm, the majority of rainfall occurs seasonally in summer (December–March) usually with heavy downpours and winters generally cold and dry with occasional frosts.〔〔Innis, G., 1989. Feeding Ecology of Fruit Pigeons in Subtropical Rainforests of South-Eastern Queensland. Wildl. Res. 16, 365–394.〕 Major vegetation types include a mix of complex notophyll vine forest, sub-tropical rainforest, woodlands, bangalow palm forests, wet sclerophyll and dry sclerophyll forest with rainforest occurring mainly at higher altitudes and along watercourses.〔Hughes, J.M., Bunn, S.E., Kingston, D.M., Hurwood, D.A., 1995. Genetic Differentiation and Dispersal among Populations of Paratya australiensis (Atyidae) in Rainforest Streams in Southeast Queensland, Australia. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 14, 158. doi:10.2307/1467731〕
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